Polyvinyl alcohol is a water-soluble synthetic polymer, created by the polymerization of vinyl acetate followed by hydrolysis (or saponification). The polymerization process involves the reaction of vinyl acetate monomers, which are polymerized into polyvinyl acetate (PVAc). In the subsequent hydrolysis stage, the ester groups (-COOCH3) in polyvinyl acetate are partially or fully replaced by hydroxyl groups (-OH), resulting in polyvinyl alcohol.The degree of hydrolysis (the extent to which the ester groups are converted into alcohol groups) and the polymer’s molecular weight play key roles in
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Polyvinyl alcohol is produced through the polymerization of vinyl acetate, followed by hydrolysis. Initially, vinyl acetate monomers undergo polymerization to form polyvinyl acetate (PVAc). Then, hydrolysis (or saponification) takes place, where the ester groups of polyvinyl acetate are converted into hydroxyl groups, resulting in polyvinyl alcohol. The degree of hydrolysis—ranging from 85% to 99%—influences the final polymer's properties, such as its solubility, crystallinity, and mechanical strength. Higher hydrolysis levels tend to create more rigid, water-resistant forms of PVA.
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